廣州話拼音方案

一 字母表

1. Table of Letters

Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz

1.

r, v 兩個字母用來拼音寫普通話和外來語, 拼寫廣州話時不用.
Both r, v are used to romanise Mandarin and foreign loanwords, and are not used when romanising Cantonese.

廣州話拼音字母有三個帶有附加符號: ê, é, ü, 其中 ê 是和漢語拼音字母 ( ㄝ ê ) 不同的, 由於這個字母是 e, u 兩個字母的變體, 故不列入字母表內.
Cantonese romanisation contains three characters with diacritics : ê, é, ü, of which ê is unlike the Mandarin pinyin letter ( ㄝ ê ), due to this letter being a variant of e and u, therefore not shown in the list of characters.

二 聲母表

2. Table of Initials (Consonants)

波 b			婆 p			模 m			科 f
多 d			拖 t			挪 n			羅 l
哥 g			卡 k			我 ng			何 h
左 z			初 c			梳 s
知 j			雌 q			思 x
姑 gu			箍 ku			也 y			華 w

注 :
NB :

1.

z, c, s 和 j, q, x 兩組聲母, 廣州話的讀音沒有區別, 只是在拼寫韻母開頭的韻母時不同.
Both the initials series z, c, s and j, q, x are undifferentiated in pronunciation in Cantonese, however, the type of rhyme affects which set are used.

z, c, s 拼寫 a, e, o, u, ê, é 等字母開頭的韻母, 例如 : za 渣, ca 茶, sa 沙.
z, c, s is used when transliterating rhymes beginning with a, e, o, u, ê, é, etc, For example : za 渣, ca 茶, sa 沙.

j, q, x 拼寫 i 及 ü 字母開頭韻母, 例如 : ji 知, qi 次, xi 思.
j, q, x is used when transliterating rhymes beginning with i and ü, for example: ji 知, qi 次, xi 思.

2.

gu 姑, ku 箍 是圓唇的舌根音, 作為聲母使用, 不能單獨注音, 單獨注音時是音節, 不是聲母.
gu 姑, ku 箍 are rounded velar sounds, which when used as an initial, and not not exist alone without a final or rhyme, however, when used as an actual syllable, it is not a initial.

3.

y 也, w 華 拼音時作為聲母使用, 拼音寫出來的音節相當於漢語拼音方案的複韻母, 但由於廣州話當中這些韻母前面不再拼聲母, 因此只作為音節使用.
When transliterating y 也, w 華 it should be regarded as an initial, the transliterated syllable equates to its use in Mandarin pinyin as a rhyme, but amongst these Cantonese rhymes no longer written with an initial, its use is consequently only regarded as part of the syllable.

三 韻母表

3. Table of Rhymes (Endings)

呀 a				柯 o		烏 u		衣 i		于 ü		靴 ê		誒 é
挨 ai		矮 ei		哀 oi		煨 ui								非 éi
拗 ao		歐 eo		奧 ou				妖 iu				去 êu
監 am		庵 em						淹 im								唔 m
晏 an		恩 en		安 on		碗 un		煙 in		冤 ün		春 ên
罌 ang		鶯 eng		康 ong		瓮 ung		英 ing				香 êng		鏡 éng		五 ng
鴨 ab		急 eb						葉 ib
押 ad		不 ed		渴 od		活 ud		熱 id		月 üd		律 êd
客 ag		德 eg		惡 og		屋 ug		益 ig				約 êg		尺 ég

注 :
NB :

1.

i 行的韻母, 前面沒有聲母的時候, 寫為 yi 衣, yiu 妖, yim 淹, yin 煙, ying 英, yib 葉, yid 熱, yig 益.
When i begins a rhyme, and no initial preceeds it, these rhymes are written yi 衣, yiu 妖, yim 淹, yin 煙, ying 英, yib 葉, yid 熱, yig 益.

u 行的韻母, 前面沒有聲母的時候, 寫成 wu 烏, wui 煨, wun 碗, wung 瓮, wud 活.
When u begins a rhyme, and no initial preceeds it, these rhymes are written wu 烏, wui 煨, wun 碗, wung 瓮, wud 活.

ü 行的韻母, 前面沒有聲母的時候, 寫成 yu 于, yun 冤, yud 月; ü 上兩點 省略.
When ü begins a rhyme, and no initial preceeds it, these rhymes are written yu 于, yun 冤, yud 月; the two dots above ü can be omitted.

ü 行的韻母, 跟聲母 j, q, x, 相拼的時候, 寫成 ju 珠, qu 處, xu 書; ü 上兩點省略.
When ü begins a rhyme and follows j, q, x, it is written as ju 珠, qu 處, xu 書; the two dots over ü can be omitted.

êu 去, 本來寫成, êü 去, 為了減少字母的附加符號, ü 上兩點省略.
êu 去 could be written as êü 去, but in order to reduce the number of diacritics, the two dots over ü can be omitted.

m 唔 和 ng 五 是 自成音節的鼻音韻母.
m 唔 and ng 五 are self formed syllables which are nasalised rhymes.

四 聲調表

4. Table of Tones

Tone Mark

符

1

2

3

4

5

6

Tone Name

名稱

陰平 Yem Ping Upper Level

陰上 Yem Sêng Upper Rising

陰去 Yem Hêu Upper Departing

陽平 Yêng Ping Lower Level

陽上 Yêng Sêng Lower Rising

陽去 Yêng Hêu Lower Departing

Tone Contour

調值

/53/ /55/

/33/

/23/

/35/

/21/

/22/

Character Examples

例字

詩

史

試

時

市

事

Tone Mark

符

1 (7)

3 (8)

6 (9)

Tone Name

名稱

陰入 Yem Yeb Upper Entering

中入 Zung Yeb Mid Entering

陽入 Yêng Yeb Lower Entering

Tone Contour

調值

/53/ /55/

/33/

/23/

/35/

/21/

/22/

Character Examples

例字

色

錫

食

注 :
NB :

聲調等號在音節的右上角, 例如 :   詩 xi¹, 史 xi², 試 xi³.
The tone marks are placed in the top right corner of a transliterated syllable, for example : 詩 xi¹ , 史 xi² , 試 xi³ .

說明

Comments

本方案基本上是跟據1960年廣東省教育行政部門正式公布的 <廣州話拼音方案> 修訂的. 為了便於群從學習和掌握, 我們根據群從的意見, 增加了兩個自成音節的鼻音韻母 m 唔 和 ng 五, 更改了四個韻母, 即把 ou 歐, óu 奧, ông 康, ong 瓮 改為 eo 歐, ou 奧, ong 康, ung 瓮.
This scheme was made public in 1960 by the GuangDong Provincial Education Department's revision of the "Cantonese (Guangzhouhua) Transliteration Scheme". For the convience of the public's learning, we have taken into account the public's opinions and added the two sylables m 唔 and ng 五, and altered four rhymes, taking ou 歐, óu 奧, ông 康, ong 瓮 and making them eo 歐, ou 奧, ong 康, ung 瓮.

另外, 還換了一個韻母的代表字, 即把 ei 翳 改為 ei 矮.
Also, another change to one rhyme's example character was made, from ei 翳 it was changed to ei 矮.

粵方言以廣州話為代表, 本方案以廣州音為依據, 其他粵方言地區可以根據這個 方案作適當的增減.
The Yue dialect 粵方言 is represented by Cantonese (Guangzhouhua) 廣州話, this scheme takes the sounds of GuangZhou as the basis, other Yue dialect areas can take this as a basis and make appropriate additions or omissions.

• 廣州話方言詞典 GuangZhou Dialect Dictionary, 饒秉才Rao Bingcai 歐陽覺亞 OuYang Jiaoya 周無忍 Zhou Wuren, 商務印書館 Commercial Press, Hong Kong. ISBN962-07-0194-1
• 商務新字典 Commercial Press New Character Dictionary, 黃港生 Huang Gangsheng, 商務印書館 Commercial Press, Hong Kong. ISBN 962-07-0140-2
• 聲韻學 Phonology, 林燾 Lin Tao 耿振生Geng Zhensheng, 三民書館 Sanmin Publishers, Taiwan. ISBN 957-14-2677-6

This page was created on Monday 4th December 2000,
and last modified on Thursday 25th April 2002.