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¤@ ¦r¥Àªí

1. Table of Characters

ÉE v ¥u¥Î¨Ó«÷¼g¥~¨Ó»y, ¤Ö¼Æ¥Á±Ú»y¨¥©M¤è¨¥. ^#
ÉE v are only used to write the sounds of foreign loanwords, minority languages and dialects. ^#

¦r¥Àªº¤â¼gÅé¨Ì·Ó©Ô¤B¦r¥Àªº¤@¯ë®Ñ¼g²ßºD.
The letters' form are the same as those in the widely used Latin alphabet.

¤G Án¥Àªí

2. Table of Initials (Consonants)

£t ªi b			£u ©Y p			£v ¼Ò m			£w ¦ò f
£x ±o d			£y ¯S t			£z ³[ n			£{ °Ç l
£| ­ô g			£} ¬ì k			£~ ³Ü h
£¡ °ò j			£¢ ´Û q			££ §Æ x
£¤ ª¾ zh			£¥ °E ch			£¦ ¸Ö sh			£§ ¤é r
£¨ ¸ê z			£© »Û c			£ª «ä s

¦bµ¹º~¦rµù­µªº®É­Ô, ¬°¤F¨Ï«÷¦¡Â²µu, zh, ch, sh, ¥i¥H¬Ù§@ , , .
When romanising hanzi, for the purposes of shortening zh, ch, sh, they may be written , , .

¤T Ãý¥Àªí

3. Table of Endings (Rhymes)

			¡U i ¦ç			£¹ u ¯Q			£º ü ¨±
£« a °Ú			¡U£« ia §r			£¹£« ua µì
£¬ o ³á						£¹£¬ uo ºÛ
£­ e ÃZ			¡U£­ ie ­C						£º£­ üe ¬ù
£¯ ai «s						£¹£¯ uai ¬n
£° ei ÕÙ						£¹£° uei, ui «Â
£± ao ¼õ			¡U£± iao ¸y
£² ou ¼Ú			¡U£² iou, iu ¼~
£³ an ¦w			¡U£³ ian ·Ï			£¹£³ uan Ås			£º£³ üan ­Þ
£´ en ®¦			¡U£´ in ¦]			£¹£´ uen, un ·Å			£º£´ ün ·w
£µ ang ©ù			¡U£µ iang ¥¡			£¹£µ uang ¨L
£¶ eng ¦ëªºÃý¥À			¡U£¶ ing ­^			£¹£¶ ueng ¯Î
(£¹£¶ong ÅFªºÃý¥À)			£º£¶ iong ¹l

1.

ª¾, °E, ¸Ö, ¤é, ¸ê, »Û, «ä, µ¥¤C­Ó­µ¸`ªºÃý¥À¥Î i §Y: µ¥¦r«÷§@ zhi, chi, shi, ri, zi, ci, si.
ª¾, °E, ¸Ö, ¤é, ¸ê, »Û, «ä, etc, these seven syllables' rhyme is approximated by i: these characters are romanised as zhi, chi, shi, ri, zi, ci, si.

i
ji	qi	xi	zhi	chi	shi	ri	zi	ci	si

Ãý¥À £· ¼g¦¨ er, ¥Î°µÃý¥Àªº®É­Ô¼g¦¨ r.
The rhyme £· written as er, used as a rhyme ending is written as r.

¨Ò¦p, ¨àµ£ «÷§@ ertong, ªá¨à «÷§@ huar.
For example: ¨àµ£ is romanised as ertong, but ªá¨à is romanised as huar.

Ãý¥À £® ³æ¥Îªº®É­Ô¼g¦¨ ê.
The rhyme £® when used alone is written as ê.

i ¦æªºÃý¥À, «e­±¨S¦³Án¥Àªº®É­Ô, ¼g¦¨

yi ¦ç, ya §r, ye ­C, yao ¸y, you ¼~, yan ·Ï, yin ¦], yang ¥¡, ying ­^, yong ¹l.
When i is followed by a rhyme ending, but has no initial preceeding it, then it is written
yi ¦ç, ya §r, ye ­C, yao ¸y, you ¼~, yan ·Ï, yin ¦], yang ¥¡, ying ­^, yong ¹l.

u ¦æªºÃý¥À, «e­±¨S¦³Án¥Àªº®É­Ô, ¼g¦¨


wu ¯Q, wa µì, wo ºÛ, wai ¬n, wei «Â, wan Ås, wen ·Å, wang ¨L, weng ¯Î.
When u is followed by a rhyme ending, but has no initial preceeding it, then it become w
wu ¯Q, wa µì, wo ºÛ, wai ¬n, wei «Â, wan Ås, wen ·Å, wang ¨L, weng ¯Î.

ü ¦æªºÃý¥À¸òÁn¥À j, q, x, «÷ªº®É­Ô, ¼g¦¨


ju ©~, qu °Ï, xu µê,
When ü is followed by a rhyme ending and follows the initials j, q, x, it is romanised as
ju ©~, qu °Ï, xu µê,

ü ¤W¨âÂI¤]¬Ù²¤; ¦ý¬O¸òÁn¥À n, l «÷ªº®É­Ô, ¤´µM¼g¦¨

nü ¤k, lü §f.
The two dots over ü may be omitted; but when it follows the initials n and l, it is romanised it is retained as in
nü ¤k, lü §f.

iou, uei, uen «e­±¥[Án¥Àªº®É­Ô, ¼g¦¨ iu, ui, un, ¨Ò¦p

niu ¤û, gui Âk, lun ½×.
When iou, uei, uen is preceeded by an initial, are written iu, ui, and un, e.g.
niu ¤û, gui Âk, lun ½×.

¥| Án½Õ²Å¸¹

4. Tone Marks

Án½Õ²Å¸¹¼Ð¦b­µ¸`ªº¥D­n¥À­µ¤W. »´Án¤£¼Ð. ¨Ò¦p:
The tone mark is written over the principle vowel of the syllable. The unstressed tone is unmarked, e.g.

¶ý ma1	³Â ma2	°¨ ma3	½| ma4	¶Ü ma
ma¡Ð	ma£½	ma£¾	ma£¿	ma
³±¥­	¶§¥­	¤WÁn	¥hÁn	»´Án
Yin Ping	Yang Ping	Shang Sheng	Qu Sheng	Qing Sheng
Tone 1	Tone 2	Tone 3	Tone 4	Unstressed Tone

[¥Îª`­µ²Å¸¹ªº®É­Ô, ³±¥­¤£¼Ð, »´Án¼Ð¦b­µ¸`ªº¥D­n¥À­µ¤W, ¼g¦¨£»]
[When using ZhuYinFuhao, tone 1 is unmarked, and the unstressed tone is marked with the mark £»]

¨Ò¦p:
For example:

£v£«£» ¶Ü ma

¤­ ¹j­µ²Å¸¹

5. Separating Marks

¨Ò¦p :
for example:

pi'ao ¥ÖÃÍ.

Sources:

• °Ó°È·s¦r¨å Shangwu Xinzidian [Commercial Press, New Character Dictionary], °Ó°È¦L®ÑÀ] ShangWuYin ShuGuan [Commercial Press], ISBN 962-07-0140-2. Hong Kong.

© Dylan W.H. Sung

This page was created on Sunday 3rd December 2000,
and last modified on Thursday 25th April 2002.