PingShuiYun / ShiYun () Rhymes

The 106 PingShuiYun or ShiYun rhymes are given below. They are listed by tone via the columns, and readings from Mandarin, Hakka and Cantonese are given on each row under each character.

Note the pairs of endings -ng:-k, -n:-t and -m:-p as shown by the dispersal of Ru characters down the table.

Ru type endings are represented in Hakka by -b, -d and -g, but in Cantonese, -p, -t and -k, respectively.

The Ping Tone is divided into Shang Ping and Xia Ping. The rhyme dictionary GuangYun comprises of five volumes, Shang Ping, Xia Ping, Shang, Qu and Ru volumes. A list of modern tone assignments are found at the end of this page.

Group I - Shang Ping Tones

PING SHANG QU RU

Level Tone Rising Tone Departing Tone Entering Tone

dong1 dong3 song4 wu1

dung1 dung3 sung4 vug5

dung1 dung2 sung3 uk7

dong1 zhong3 song4 wo4

dung1 tsung3 sung4 fog5

dung1 jung2 sung3 yuk7

jiang1 jiang3 jiang4 jue2/jiao4

gong1 gong3 gong4 gog5/gau4

gong1 gong2 gong3 gok8/gau3

zhi1 zhi3 zhi4

zi1 zi3 zi4

ji1 ji2 dzi3

wei1 wei3 wei4

mui1 mui1 vui4

mei4 mei5 mei6

yu2 yu3 yu4

ng2 ngi1 ngi4

yue4 yue3 yue6

yu2 wu2 yu4

ngi2 ngi3 ngi4

yue4 yue5 yue6

qi2 ji4/qi ji4

qi2/ce2 qi2 ji4

tsai4 tsai5/jai4 jai3

tai4

tai4

tai3

jia1 xie4 gua4

gai1 hai3 gua4/ga4

gai1 hai5 gwa3

hui1 hui4 dui4

foi1 fui3 dui4

fui1 kui2 deui6

zhen1 zhen3 zhen4 zhi4

zin1 zin1 zin3 zid5

jan1 jan2 jan3 jat7

wen2 wen3 wen4 wu4

vun2 vun3 mun4 vud6

man4 man5 man6 mat9

yuan2 ruan3 yuan4 yue4

ngian2 ngion1 ngian4 ngiad6

yuen4 yuen2 yuen6 yuet9

han2 han4 han4 he2

hon2 hon1 hon4 hod5

hon4 hon5 hon6 hot8

shan1 shan1 jian4 xia2

san1 san1 g(i)an(3)/4 giad5

san1 san1 gan3 kit8

Group II - Xia Ping Tones


PING	SHANG	QU	RU
Level Tone	Rising Tone	Departing Tone	Entering Tone

xian1	xian3	xian4	xie4
xian1	xian3	xian4	xiad5
sin1	sin2	sin3	sit8

xiao1	xiao3	xiao4
xiau1	tiau2	xiau4
siu1	siu2	siu3

yao2	qiao3	xiao4
ngau2	kiau3	hau4
ngau2	hau2	hao6

hao2	hao4	hao4
hau2	hau4	hau4
hou4	hou6	hou6

ge1	ge3/ke3	ge4
go1	ko3	go4
go1	go2/ho2	go3

ma2	ma3	ma4/ya2
ma2	ma1	ma4/nga2
ma4	ma5	ma6/nga4

yang2	yang3	yang4	yao4
yong2	yong1	yong4	yog6
yeung4	yeung5	yeung6	yeuk9

geng1	geng3	jing4	mo4
gang1	g(u)ang1/3	gin4	mag6/med5
gang1	gang2	ging3	mak9

qing1	jiong3	jing4	xi1
qiang2	guen3	gin4/gang4	xiag5
ching1	gwing2	cheui4	sek8

zheng1			zhi2
zin1			zid5
jing1			jik7

you2	you3	you4
yiu2	yiu1	yiu4
yau4	yau5	yau6

qin1	qin3	qin4	ji1/qi4/qi1
qim1	qim3	sim3	xib6
cham1	cham2	sam3	chap7

tan2	gan3	kan1	ke2/he2/ge3
tam2	gam3	kam3	hab6/keb5
tam4	gam2	ham1	hap9/ho4/gap8

yan2	yan3	yan4	ye4
yam2	yam2	yam4	yab6
yim4	yim5	yim6	yip9

xian2	xian4	xian4	qia4
ham3	ham3	ham4	giab5
ham4	ham5	ham6	hap7

Index of Numerical Tone Assignments

Dialect	Tones

	PING		SHANG		QU		RU
	Yin	Yang	Yin	Yang	Yin	Yang	Yin	Zhong	Yang
Mandarin	1	2	3		4
Hakka	1	2	3		4		5		6
Cantonese	1	4	2	5	3	6	7	8	9

We can see that the tone classes represented by some of these characters have changed since the original formulation of the table of rhyme characters.

N.B.
Yin Ping and Yang Ping are confusingly called Shang Ping and Xia Ping respectively in some sources, but the tables above do not represent the Yin and Yang splitting of the Ping Tone.

206 GuangYun Rhymes : Chinese Index : Homepage